{"id":27573,"date":"2021-12-30T20:35:16","date_gmt":"2021-12-30T20:35:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gagauziadialogue.md\/?p=27573"},"modified":"2024-03-25T13:45:06","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T13:45:06","slug":"patrimoniul-cultural-este-principala-bogatie-a-oricarui-popor-interviu-cu-sefa-directiei-generale-de-cultura-din-uta-gagauzia-marina-semenova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gagauziadialogue.md\/ro\/patrimoniul-cultural-este-principala-bogatie-a-oricarui-popor-interviu-cu-sefa-directiei-generale-de-cultura-din-uta-gagauzia-marina-semenova\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201ePatrimoniul cultural este principala bog\u0103\u021bie a oric\u0103rui popor\u201d. Interviu cu \u0219efa Direc\u021biei Generale de Cultur\u0103 din UTA G\u0103g\u0103uzia, Marina Semenova"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Cum se dezvolt\u0103 cultura g\u0103g\u0103uz\u0103 \u00een perioada pandemiei? Ce \u00eentreprind autorit\u0103\u021bile din G\u0103g\u0103uzia pentru popularizarea \u0219i p\u0103strarea patrimoniului cultural local, inclusiv a limbii g\u0103g\u0103uze? Cum poate s\u0103 contribuie \u00een acest sens turismul, precum \u0219i faptul c\u0103 ora\u0219ul Comrat a fost declarat capital\u0103 cultural\u0103 a CSI pentru anul  2023? Despre aceste aspecte ne-a relatat \u00een cadrul interviului NM \u0219efa Direc\u021biei Generale de Cultur\u0103 din UTA G\u0103g\u0103uzia, Marina Semionova.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Propun s\u0103 \u00eencepem cu pandemia, care a afectat toate sferele vie\u021bii noastre. Ce impact a avut aceasta asupra activit\u0103\u021bii teatrelor, muzeelor, a caselor de cultur\u0103 \u0219i a bibliotecilor din G\u0103g\u0103uzia?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Pandemia COVID-19 a avut un impact \u0219i asupra dezvolt\u0103rii culturii \u00een G\u0103g\u0103uzia. Angaja\u021bii teatrelor, a muzeelor, a caselor de cultur\u0103 \u0219i a bibliotecilor nu au mai putut s\u0103 activeze \u00een regim obi\u0219nuit. \u00cenainte de 2020 s\u0103lile de teatru \u0219i casele de cultur\u0103 erau pline de spectatori. E vorba de aplauze adev\u0103rate \u0219i emo\u021bii vii \u2013 ceea cu ce am fost obi\u0219nui\u021bi, acea atmosfer\u0103 \u00een care au activat colegii mei toat\u0103 via\u021ba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muzeele nu mai au posibilitatea de a desf\u0103\u0219ura excursii pentru vizitatorii care, \u00eenainte de pandemie, veneau liber \u0219i se interesau de istoria \u0219i cultura regiunii precum \u0219i de istoria poporului g\u0103g\u0103uz. Din cauza pandemiei, bibliotecile \u0219i-au pierdut cititorii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eu le sunt recunosc\u0103toare colegilor mei care, \u00eentr-un timp at\u00e2t de scurt, au reu\u0219it s\u0103 se reorienteze. Toat\u0103 lumea \u00een\u021belege c\u0103 domeniul culturii este o surs\u0103 de emo\u021bii pozitive, frumos \u0219i bucurie pentru oameni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cempreun\u0103 cu colegii, am decis c\u0103 nu putem doar s\u0103 st\u0103m \u0219i s\u0103 a\u0219tept\u0103m c\u00e2nd se va termina pandemia. Noi c\u0103ut\u0103m ie\u0219iri din situa\u021bie, solu\u021bii. Casele de cultur\u0103 organizeaz\u0103 evenimente on-line, concerte on-line cu participarea diferitor arti\u0219ti. Noul format de lucru a fost \u00eembr\u0103\u021bi\u0219at \u0219i de muzeele \u0219i bibliotecile din G\u0103g\u0103uzia. Nu le-a fost u\u0219or deoarece \u00een nici un muzeu sau bibliotec\u0103 nu a fost prev\u0103zut\u0103 o unitate de personal responsabil\u0103 de film\u0103ri, montaj \u0219i publicarea materialelor video.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Exist\u0103 \u0219i momente pozitive: de exemplu, dac\u0103 \u00eenainte de pandemie un muzeu din G\u0103g\u0103uzia era vizitat de circa o mie de persoane anual, \u00een perioada pandemiei num\u0103rul vizitatorilor virtuali a ajuns la un milion de persoane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Ce oportunit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i perspective pentru dezvoltarea culturii exist\u0103 \u00een cadrul Autonomiei, inclusiv \u021bin\u00e2nd cont de experien\u021ba din perioada pandemic\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– COVID-19 ne-a determinat s\u0103 digitaliz\u0103m fondurile. Deja am digitalizat fondurile galeriei de art\u0103 din G\u0103g\u0103uzia. De jum\u0103tate de an lucr\u0103m asupra digitaliz\u0103rii fondurilor bibliotecii centrale din Comrat. Urm\u00e2nd exemplul bibliotecii centrale, au \u00eenceput procesul de digitalizare a fondurilor de carte \u0219i alte biblioteci. Totu\u0219i, angaja\u021bii din biblioteci sunt \u00eengrijora\u021bi c\u0103 tineretul s-ar putea s\u0103 \u00eenceteze s\u0103 mai vin\u0103 la bibliotec\u0103 offline, de aceea ei \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 organizeze diverse evenimente  pe viu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un an \u0219i jum\u0103tate de pandemie au accelerat procesul de dezvoltare a muzeelor. Astfel, acestea \u00ee\u0219i prezint\u0103 exponatele pe paginile lor web, realizeaz\u0103 piese de teatru, filmeaz\u0103 mini-documentare cu participarea  locuitorilor din comunitate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 de un an \u0219i jum\u0103tate am realizat multe pentru p\u0103strarea patrimoniului nostru cultural material \u0219i imaterial. Directorii caselor de cultur\u0103 \u0219i a muzeelor spun: \u201ePeste cincizeci de ani noi nu vom mai fi, \u00eens\u0103 aceste materiale f\u0103r\u0103 pre\u021b vor r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een urma noastr\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen perioada pandemiei  Direc\u021bia General\u0103 de Cultur\u0103 a creat un fond al crea\u021biilor muzicale folclorice. \u00cen acest proiect au fost atra\u0219i locuitorii \u00een etate din Autonomie. Am \u00eenregistrat \u00eentr-un studiou de \u00eenregistr\u0103ri audio din regiune diverse c\u00e2ntece \u0219i lucr\u0103ri muzicale interpretate de ei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eConservarea patrimoniului cultural este scopul nostru principal\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

– Care este la moment starea patrimoniului cultural material \u0219i imaterial al G\u0103g\u0103uziei?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Anul acesta Autonomia va marca 27 de ani de la fondare. Din p\u0103cate, p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een anul trecut noi nu am avut un registru al patrimoniului cultural imaterial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2\u021biva ani \u00een urm\u0103, Direc\u021bia General\u0103 de Cultur\u0103 din cadrul Autonomiei a \u00eenceput compilarea unui registru local al patrimoniului imaterial. Aceast\u0103 necesitate a ap\u0103rut atunci c\u00e2nd am dorit s\u0103 includem unele elemente ale culturii g\u0103g\u0103uze \u00een listele UNESCO. \u00cen practic\u0103, nu am reu\u0219it s\u0103 realiz\u0103m acest lucru imediat deoarece elementele culturii g\u0103g\u0103uze lipsesc din registrul republican al Moldovei. Asta a fost din cauza c\u0103 lipsea \u0219i registrul g\u0103g\u0103uz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen procesul de creare a registrului patrimoniului cultural imaterial al poporului g\u0103g\u0103uz au fost atra\u0219i colaboratorii Direc\u021biei Generale de Cultur\u0103 din cadrul Autonomiei, angaja\u021bii bibliotecilor \u0219i a muzeelor, comunitatea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103. \u00cen registru au fost incluse 508 elemente printre care se num\u0103r\u0103 crea\u021bii din folclor, c\u00e2ntece, tehnici de interpretare, costume populare, instrumente na\u021bionale etc. Pentru fiecare element \u00een parte a fost elaborat un dosar, iar anul trecut Comitetul Executiv al G\u0103g\u0103uziei a aprobat registrul \u00een \u00eentregime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te patrimoniul cultural material, cu regret, majoritatea monumentelor de istorie \u0219i arhitectur\u0103 se afl\u0103 \u00een prezent \u00eentr-o stare deplorabil\u0103 nefiind ocrotite de stat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De asemenea, lucr\u0103m \u00een prezent asupra a dou\u0103 registre locale care au fost prezentate pe data de 16 decembrie la \u0219edin\u021ba Comitetului Executiv. Este vorba de registrul monumentelor de istorie \u0219i arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i registrul monumentelor de for public. Cele dou\u0103 registre includ 100 de monumente. Dup\u0103 aprobarea listelor, aceste monumente vor beneficia de protec\u021bia statului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sunt convins\u0103 c\u0103 patrimoniul cultural material \u0219i imaterial reprezint\u0103 principala avere a oric\u0103rui popor. Este vorba de acea bog\u0103\u021bie pe care un popor o  poate transmite din genera\u021bie \u00een genera\u021bie indiferent de orice. Este ceea cu ce se na\u0219te \u0219i tr\u0103ie\u0219te fiecare dintre noi. Conservarea patrimoniului cultural reprezint\u0103 sarcina de baz\u0103 a Direc\u021biei generale de Cultur\u0103 din G\u0103g\u0103uzia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00cen G\u0103g\u0103uzia, cu sus\u021binerea exper\u021bilor na\u021bionali \u0219i interna\u021bionali, a fost elaborat un proiect de program-cadru de dezvoltare a culturii Autonomiei. Pentru ce este necesar un astfel de program?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Un astfel de program-cadru a fost elaborat \u00een G\u0103g\u0103uzia pentru prima dat\u0103. Scopul acestuia este integrarea standardelor na\u021bionale \u0219i interna\u021bionale \u00een domeniul culturii, asigurarea drepturilor fiec\u0103rui locuitor la participare \u00een via\u021ba cultural\u0103 \u0219i dezvoltare a poten\u021bialului creativ, conservarea \u0219i revigorarea culturii g\u0103g\u0103uze precum \u0219i a culturii tuturor na\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bilor reprezentate pe teritoriul Autonomiei. Acest teritoriu a fost locuit de secole de g\u0103g\u0103uzi, bulgari, ucraineni \u0219i ru\u0219i al\u0103turi de moldoveni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Necesitatea elabor\u0103rii unui astfel de program a fost confirmat\u0103 deja de mai mult timp \u00een urm\u0103. Sfera culturii se confrunt\u0103 \u00een prezent cu numeroase probleme. Acest program prezint\u0103 o analiz\u0103 detaliat\u0103 a situa\u021biei \u00een domeniul cultural \u0219i prezint\u0103 propuneri eficiente pentru dep\u0103\u0219irea diverselor dificult\u0103\u021bi pe care le \u00eent\u00e2mpina domeniul culturii \u00een cadrul Autonomiei, printre care se num\u0103r\u0103 situa\u021bia precar\u0103 a bazei tehnico-materiale \u0219i deficitul de resurse umane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Programul stabile\u0219te direc\u021biile strategice de activitate \u00een domeniul culturii \u00een G\u0103g\u0103uzia p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een anul 2030. \u00cen procesul de elaborare a programului am beneficiat de suportul din partea colegilor \u0219i a exper\u021bilor  CMI – Funda\u021bia pentru pace Martti Ahtisaari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sper c\u0103 foarte cur\u00e2nd, cu sprijinul colegilor din CMI, vor  reu\u0219i s\u0103 organiz\u0103m consult\u0103ri publice privind acest program, la care vom invita colaboratori ai bibliotecilor, muzeelor \u0219i a caselor de cultur\u0103, artizani etc. Sper\u0103m c\u0103 acest program va contribui la o dezvoltare eficient\u0103 \u0219i de calitate a culturii \u00een G\u0103g\u0103uzia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Care sunt competen\u021bele autorit\u0103\u021bilor g\u0103g\u0103uze \u00een domeniul culturii? Dispune oare Autonomia de resurse  legislative, institu\u021bionale \u0219i materiale pentru conservarea patrimoniului cultural?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Activitatea autorit\u0103\u021bilor regionale este \u00een prezent direc\u021bionat\u0103 c\u0103tre conservarea \u0219i popularizarea culturii g\u0103g\u0103uze. Este vorba nu doar de conservarea patrimoniului cultural material \u0219i imaterial, dar \u0219i suplinirea fondurilor de carte \u00een biblioteci, a fondurilor de opere de art\u0103,  editarea cu regularitate a literaturii \u00een limba g\u0103g\u0103uz\u0103, \u00eennoirea bazei tehnico-materiale a colectivelor artistice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Astfel, de exemplu, achizi\u021bion\u0103m costume tradi\u021bionale \u2013 acestea cost\u0103 foarte scump \u00een prezent. Este important s\u0103 remarc\u0103m faptul c\u0103 muzeele, bibliotecile \u0219i casele de cultur\u0103 se afl\u0103 \u00een gestiunea autorit\u0103\u021bilor publice locale, respectiv de acestea depinde foarte mult. Totu\u0219i, autorit\u0103\u021bile locale nu \u00eentotdeauna \u00ee\u0219i pot permite s\u0103 asigure colectivele artistice cu costume costisitoare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trebuie de men\u021bionat \u0219i faptul c\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile din Autonomie acord\u0103 o aten\u021bie mare crea\u021biei copiilor. \u00cen buget sunt prev\u0103zute resurse pentru ca copiii no\u0219tri \u0219i colectivele artistice cu participarea copiilor s\u0103 aib\u0103 posibilitatea de a merge peste hotare pentru a prezenta cultura noastr\u0103 g\u0103g\u0103uz\u0103 \u0219i pentru a face cuno\u0219tin\u021b\u0103 cu alte colective de copii. Dar cel mai important este s\u0103 con\u0219tientiz\u0103m c\u0103 ace\u0219ti copii sunt purt\u0103torii culturii noastre, c\u0103 ei o vor transmite urm\u0103toarelor genera\u021bii c\u00e2nd vor cre\u0219te mari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O aten\u021bie deosebit\u0103 acord\u0103m dezvolt\u0103rii artizanatului, inclusiv prin deschiderea \u0219colilor de me\u0219te\u0219uguri populare \u0219i artizanat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00cen anul 2010 limba g\u0103g\u0103uz\u0103 a fost inclus\u0103 \u00een Atlasul UNESCO al limbilor aflate \u00een pericol din lume. Ce \u00eentreprind autorit\u0103\u021bile Autonomiei pentru conservarea, dezvoltarea \u0219i popularizarea limbii g\u0103g\u0103uze?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00centr-adev\u0103r, ast\u0103zi ne confrunt\u0103m cu faptul c\u0103 limba g\u0103g\u0103uz\u0103 este o limb\u0103 pe cale de dispari\u021bie. Purt\u0103tori ai limbii g\u0103g\u0103uze au r\u0103mas foarte pu\u021bini. Oamenii pot fi g\u0103g\u0103uzi ca \u0219i na\u021bionalitate, dar s\u0103 nu mai cunoasc\u0103 deloc limba g\u0103g\u0103uz\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru conservarea \u0219i popularizarea limbii g\u0103g\u0103uze, a fost adoptat\u0103 Legea cu privire la extinderea sferei de aplicabilitate a limbii g\u0103g\u0103uze, care vizeaz\u0103 practic toate domeniile: educa\u021bie, \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, cultur\u0103, televiziune etc. \u00cen prezent, conform legisla\u021biei, peste 60% din evenimentele organizate \u00een G\u0103g\u0103uzia sunt desf\u0103\u0219urate \u00een limba g\u0103g\u0103uz\u0103. Acest aspect este extrem de important.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen afar\u0103 de aceasta, \u00een Autonomie au fost create fonduri tematice. De exemplu, fondul operelor dramatice \u00een limba g\u0103g\u0103uz\u0103. Anual este organizat un concurs printre dramaturgi. Toate lucr\u0103rile selectate sunt incluse \u00een fondul respectiv \u0219i, conform legisla\u021biei, urmeaz\u0103 a fi obligatoriu incluse \u00een repertoriul teatrelor noastre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eComrat \u2013 capital\u0103 cultural\u0103 a CSI\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

– Contribuie oare turismul la popularizarea \u0219i conservarea patrimoniului cultural  al G\u0103g\u0103uziei? \u00cen ce m\u0103sur\u0103 acesta este reflectat \u00een itinerarele turistice din cadrul Autonomiei?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Evident, cultura \u0219i turismul sunt interconectate, \u00een special dac\u0103 e s\u0103 vorbim de turismul evenimentelor care poate fi considerat un punct forte al nostru. Anual organiz\u0103m un \u0219ir de evenimente: Hederlez, Ziua vinului, festivalul costumului g\u0103g\u0103uz la Vulc\u0103ne\u0219ti, festivalul covorului \u00een satul Gaidar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen 2019 s\u0103rb\u0103toarea Hederlez din Cead\u00e2r-Lunga a g\u0103zduit circa 10 mii de vizitatori. F\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103, putem afirma c\u0103 G\u0103g\u0103uzia este atr\u0103g\u0103toare pentru turi\u0219ti. Totu\u0219i, pandemia \u0219i-a l\u0103sat amprenta \u0219i \u00een acest domeniu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turismul nu se dezvolt\u0103 \u00een ritmul pe care ni-l dorim. Totu\u0219i, acum este dificil s\u0103 ne pronun\u021b\u0103m despre dezvoltarea turismului din cauza pandemiei. Imediat ce se aplic\u0103 restric\u021bii mai dure, observ\u0103m un regres \u00een domeniul turismului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Care sunt perspectivele de dezvoltare a culturii \u00een Autonomie? Planific\u0103 oare autorit\u0103\u021bile  s\u0103 atrag\u0103 \u00een acest domeniu tineri speciali\u0219ti, inclusiv manageri pentru cultur\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00cen prezent se simte o problem\u0103 acut\u0103 de deficit de resurse umane \u00een domeniul culturii. Anul trecut am realizat un studiu care a demonstrat c\u0103 \u00een domeniul culturii avem un num\u0103r mult mai mare de pensionari angaja\u021bi dec\u00e2t tineret. Principala cauz\u0103 sunt salariile mici \u00een domeniul culturii. Iat\u0103 de ce tineretul opteaz\u0103 pentru alte profesii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ast\u0103zi le propunem studen\u021bilor de la specialit\u0103\u021bile legate de art\u0103 granturi, burse \u0219i achitarea contractului de studii. De exemplu, anul trecut am ajutat o student\u0103 la coreografie s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i achite contractul pentru studii. Anul acesta am oferit sprijin financiar pentru un student care a intrat la facultatea de regie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avem o colaborare activ\u0103 cu colegiul pedagogic \u201eM. Ciachir\u201d din Comrat. Anul viitor \u00een cadrul acestuia va fi inclus\u0103 specialitatea \u201eculturolog\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00cen anul 2023 Comrat va deveni capitala cultural\u0103 a CSI. Cum se preg\u0103te\u0219te G\u0103g\u0103uzia de acest eveniment, poate oare acest statut s\u0103 contribuie la dezvoltarea ora\u0219ului?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0103 zic c\u0103 va fi un an interesant \u2013 asta ar fi pu\u021bin spus. Anul va fi plin de evenimente cu participarea colectivelor artistice din toate statele CSI. P\u00e2n\u0103 acum Moldova a fost unica \u021bar\u0103 care nu a participat \u00een proiectul \u201eCapitala cultural\u0103 a CSI\u201d. Sper c\u0103 toate evenimentele planificate s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi desf\u0103\u0219urate \u00een  m\u0103sur\u0103 deplin\u0103, a\u0219a cum le-am planificat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen acest context, am avut o \u00eent\u00e2lnire cu ministrul culturii, \u00een cadrul c\u0103reia am discutat despre evenimentele planificate. Lucrul \u00een aceast\u0103 direc\u021bie abia \u00eencepe \u0219i eu sper c\u0103 Ministerul Culturii va aproba componen\u021ba unui comitet organizatoric, printre membrii c\u0103ruia s\u0103 se reg\u0103seasc\u0103 numaidec\u00e2t \u0219i reprezentan\u021bi ai G\u0103g\u0103uziei. Vreau s\u0103 \u00eencurajez locuitorii \u0219i oaspe\u021bii Autonomiei s\u0103 urm\u0103reasc\u0103 afi\u0219ele deoarece evenimentele programate \u00een acest context vor contribui la un salt considerabil \u00een dezvoltarea culturii g\u0103g\u0103uze, dezvoltarea capitalei Autonomiei, a ora\u0219ului Comrat, precum \u0219i la dezvoltarea rela\u021biilor de prietenie cu statele CSI.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Interviu despre cum este dezvoltat\u0103 cultura local\u0103 \u00een G\u0103g\u0103uzia<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27566,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[129,119,296],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gagauzia-autonomy-ro","category-autonomy-ro","category-expertii-vorbesc"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201ePatrimoniul cultural este principala bog\u0103\u021bie a oric\u0103rui popor\u201d. 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